It's Black Histry--Cum gi we sum knowledge.

[dahjah]

pull up de bench an wait fe de knowledge fe roll een

Mi waan black histry dat mean world wide not "afro american" alone.

Now cum liff hup yuh ppl dem. [img]/forums/images/graemlins/cool.gif[/img]

[sistactry]

Re: It's Black Histry--Cum gi we sum knowledge.

George Washington Carver..,

he was a simple black man, born into a big family, but him did kinna sickly, so him parents dem use to ask him fe do likkle tings round de house, and not like him big bredda dem and do hard work, dem give him like dishes to wash, clothes fe hang pon line and stuff like dat.., so anyway.., while him deh round de farm, caa of course in dose days..ppl did have nuff farm space..so me nuh know how him get so fascinated wid plants, but de man get reeel fascinated wid dem and go school and study bigg bigg so till him get all awards and certificates now memba say a inna 1800someting him born, and died in 1943, so u muss know, did man did a command respect..,

here is a likkle bio of de man..,

George Washington Carver was born on a Missouri farm near Diamond Grove (now called Diamond), Newton County in Marion Township, Missouri. He received a B.S. from the Iowa Agricultural College in 1894 and a M.S. in 1896. He became a member of the faculty of Iowa State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts in charge of the school's bacterial laboratory work in the Systematic Botany department. His work with agricultural products developed industrial applications from farm products, called chemurgy in technical literature in the early 1900s. His research developed 325 products from peanuts, 108 applications for sweet potatoes, and 75 products derived from pecans. He moved to Tuskegee, Alabama in 1896 to accept a position as an instructor at the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute and remained on the faculty until his death in 1943. His work in developing industrial applications from agricultural products derived 118 products, including a rubber substitute and over 500 dyes and pigments, from 28 different plants. He was responsible for the invention in 1927 of a process for producing paints and stains from soybeans, for which three separate patents were issued.

bwoy fe inna dem times deh fe get BA and MA was some kinna achievements.., kiss me granny.., [img]/forums/images/graemlins/blush.gif[/img]

so Mr Carver, nuff props boss..,

(((((Dahjah))))) good post babes, [img]/forums/images/graemlins/wink.gif[/img] to u too..,

[dahjah]

Re: It's Black Histry--Cum gi we sum knowledge.

I don't know who the author is but dis is a good place fe dis>>>>>


Why am I black?


Why Did You Make Me Black Lord ...
Lord ... Why did you make me black?
Why did you make someone
the world would hold back?


Black is the color of dirty clothes,
of grimy hands and feet...
Black is the color of darkness,
of tired beaten streets...


Why did you give me thick lips,
a broad nose and kinky hair?
Why did you create someone
who receives the hated stare?


Black is the color of the bruised eye
when someone gets hurt...
Black is the color of darkness,
black is the color of dirt.


Why is my bone structure so thick,
my hips and cheeks so high?
Why are my eyes brown,
and not the color of the sky?


Why do people think I'm useless?
How come I feel so used?
Why do people see my skin
and think I should be abused?


Lord, I just don't understand...
What is it about my skin?
Why is it some people want to hate me
and not know the person within?


Black is what people are "Labeled"
when others want to keep them away...
Black is the color of shadows cast...
Black is the end of the day.


Lord you know my own people mistreat me,
and you know this just ain't right...
They don't like my hair, they don't like my
skin, as they say I'm too dark or too light!


Lord, don't you think
it's time to make a change?
Why don't you redo creation
and make everyone the same?


God's Reply:

Why did I make you black? Why did I make you black?


I made you in the color of coal
from which beautiful diamonds are formed...
I made you in the color of oil,
the black gold which keeps people warm.


Your color is the same as the rich dark soil
that grows the food you need...

Your color is the same as the black stallion and
panther, Oh what majestic creatures indeed!


All colors of the heavenly rainbow
can be found throughout every nation...
When all these colors are blended,
you become my greatest creation!


Your hair is the texture of lamb's wool,
such a beautiful creature is he...
I am the shepherd who watches them,
I will ALWAYS watch over thee!


You are the color of the midnight sky,
I put star glitter in your eyes...
There's a beautiful smile hidden behind your pain...
That's why your cheeks are so high!


You are the color of dark clouds
from the hurricanes I create in September...
I made your lips so full and thick,
so when you kiss...they will remember!


Your stature is strong,
your bone structure thick to withstand the
burden of time...
The reflection you see in the mirror,
that image that looks back, that is MINE!


So get off your knees,
look in the mirror and tell me what you see?
I didn't make you in the image of darkness...
I made you in the image of ME!

[stargirl911]

Re: It's Black Histry--Cum gi we sum knowledge.

((King D)) great post ...printing this out to take home for my son to read

((Ctry)) my son is doing his school project on Thurgood Marshall but I really like the your info. on George Washington Carver maybe George will make next years Black History Month Project

[dahjah]

Re: It's Black Histry--Cum gi we sum knowledge.

Paul Robeson
Paul Robeson (1898 - 1976) was an actor, singer, athlete and scholar. He won some fifteen letters in four sports at Rutgers University and was one of the first Black Americans to graduate from Columbia University Law School.

Robeson was a renowned singer and is famous for his rendition of "Old Man River." He is also known for his acting achievements on stage and film in such productions as Showboat, The Emperor Jones, and Othello. At a time when Black actors were relegated to shuckin' and jivin', Robeson often played very strong characters who were quite in control of their lives.

It was during the red scare of the 1950s, when Robeson's life took a downturn; he was hounded by the House Un-American Activities Committee for his outspoken stand against American racism. He was blackballed. The State Development Commission of Connecticut went to court to prevent Robeson from visiting his family home in Enfield, Connecticut.

He became the only American denied a passport for his political views; namely, for the obvious purpose of being prevented from travelling the world spreading "unpatriotic" stories about the mistreatment of Black Americans: in August 1950, the State Department cancelled his passport, after he refused to sign an affidavit in which he would pledge that he was not a Communist. His fight to have it restored eventually lead him to the supreme court, where he won his case.

His political stance and refusal to back down cost him dearly. It took its toll on both his health and his income. Still, he was defiant to the very end:


The artist must elect to fight for freedom or for slavery... I have made my choice.
Paul Robeson


by Charles Isbell who considers Paul Robeson one of his personal heroes

[Night Nurse]

Re: It's Black Histry--Cum gi we sum knowledge.

Who knew??? And I thought that February's Black History Month was instituted to highlight and celebrate the contributions of Black people in America.

Oh well, although I know that the UK celebrate their contributions of Black people later in the year (can't remember which month), here are some UK greats for your file. [img]/forums/images/graemlins/wink.gif[/img]

Mary Seacole was born in 1805 in Jamaica and made her mark on British public life when she went to the Crimea by her own efforts to bring comfort to the wounded and dying soldiers, after her offers to help were rejected by the Government.

She was awarded a Crimean medal, and in 1857 published her autobiography, The Wonderful Adventures of Mary Seacole.

She died in 1881, and is buried in Highgate Cemetery.

As a black Jamaican women in the 19th century Mary Seacole stood up against the discrimination and prejudices she encountered. Against all odds Mary had an unshakeable belief in the power of nursing to make a difference.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Wilfred Wood, the first black bishop in the Church of England

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Queen Phillipa - England's first black Queen.

[dahjah]

Re: It's Black Histry--Cum gi we sum knowledge.

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, or NAACP, is most often associated with the civil rights movement of the 1960s; however, it was founed in 1909, making it the oldest (and largest) civil rights organization in the United States.

The political and legal organization was founded by such notable citizens as WEB DuBois and Ida B Wells. Perhaps one of its greatest successes was the formation of the Legal Defense and Education Fund. Through that mechanism, and with the help of such dedicated individuals as Thurgood Marshall, the NAACP has had a significant impact on ensuring the legal rights of all Americans.

by Charles Isbell


if mi wait pan unno fe mi knowledge mi would a ded foo-fool

[Night Nurse]

Re: It's Black Histry--Cum gi we sum knowledge.

Originally posted by King dahjah:
[qb]
if mi wait pan unno fe mi knowledge mi would a ded foo-fool [/qb]

[img]/forums/images/graemlins/70361-embarassed.gif[/img]

EEP SIGH:

Dayuuum near 145 INVENTORS - WHO ARE BLACK

1 A.P. Abourne Refining of coconut oil. July 27, 1980
2 A. B. Blackburn Spring seat for chairs. Patent# 380,420 April 3, 1888
3 A.C. Richardson Casket-Lowering Device. Patent# 529,311 November 13, 1894
4 A.C. Richardson Churn. Patent # 466,470 February 17, 1891
5 A.E. Long and A.A. Jones-- Caps For Bottles And Jars 1898
6 A.L. Lewis Window Cleaner 1892
7 A.L. Rickman Galoshes 1898
8 Anna M. Mangin Pastry fork March 1, 1892
9 Alexander P. Ashbourne Biscuit Cutter November, 1875
10 Alexander Miles Elevator and also safety device for elevators. Patent No. 371,207 October11, 1887
11 Alfred L. Cralle Ice Cream Scooper. Patent # 576,395 February 2,1897
12 Alice Parker Heating Furnace 1918
13 Andrew Beard Automatic Car Coupling Device 1897
14 Augustus Jackson Ice cream 1832
15 B. F. Cargill Invalid cot. Patent# 629,658 July 25, 1899
16 B.F. Jackson Gas Burner
17 Benjamin Banneker Clock, Prints for Wash. DC 1st Almanac
18 Bessie V. Griffin Portable Receptacle 1951
19 C.B. Brook Street Sweeper 1896
20 C.V. Richey Fire Escape Bracket. Patent # 596,427 December 28, 1897
21 C. W. Allen Self Leveling table. Patent # 613,436 November 1, 1898
22 D. McCree Portable Fire Escape. Patent # 440,322 November 11, 1890
23 Darryl Thomas Cattle Roping Apparatus
24 Dr. Charles Drew Invented Blood Banks And Established Them Around The World 1940
25 Dr. Daniel Hale Williams Performed First Open Heart Surgery 1893
26 Edmond Berger Spark Plug
27 Elbert R. Robinson Electric Railway Trolley
28 Ellen Elgin Clothes Wringer 1880s
29 Elijah Mccoy Automatic Lubrication System (For Railroad And Heavy Machinery) 1892 July 2, 1872
30 Folarin Sosan Package-Park (Solves Package Delivery Dilemma) 1997
31 Frederick Jones Ticket Dispensing Machine. Patent # 2163754 June 27, 1939
32 Frederick Jones Starter Generator. Patent # 2475842 July 12, 1949
33 Frederick Jones Two-Cycle gasoline Engine. Patent # 2523273 November 28, 1950
34 Frederick Jones Air Condition. Patent # 2475841 July 12, 1949
35 Frederick Jones Portable X-Ray Machine
36 G.W. Murray Cultivator and Marker. Patent # 517,961 April 10, 1894
37 G.W. Murray Combined Furrow Opener and Stalk-Knocker. Patent # 517,960 April 10, 1894
38 G.W. Murray Fertilizer Distributor. Patent# 520,889 June 5, 1894
39 G.W. Murray Cotton Chopper. Patent # 520,888 June 5, 1894
40 G.W. Murray Planter. Patent # 520,887 June 5, 1894
41 G. F. Grant Golf Tee. Patent # 638,920 December 12, 1899
42 G.T. Sampson Clothes Drier 1892
43 G.W. Kelley Steam Table 1897
44 Garret A. Morgan Gas Mask (Saved Many Lives During WWI) 1914
45 George Alcorn Fabrication of spectrometer. Patent # 4,618,380 October 21, 1986
46 George Tolivar Ship's propeller
47 George Washington Carver Peanut Butter 1900
48 George Washington Carver 300 products from peanuts, 118 products from the sweet potato and 75 from the pecan. 1900-1943
49 Garret A. Morgan Automatic Traffic Signal 1923
50 Gertrude E. Downing and William Desjardin Corner Cleaner Attachment.
Patent # 3,715,772 February 13, 1973
51 Granville Woods Telephone (His Telephone Was Far Superior To Alexander Graham Bell's) Dec. 2,1884
52 Granville Woods Trolley Car 1888
53 Granville Woods Multiplex Telegraph System (Allowed Messages To Be Sent And Received From Moving Trains) 1887
54 Granville Woods Railway Air Brakes (The First Safe Method Of Stopping Trains) 1903
55 Granville Woods Steam Boiler/Radiator 1884
56 Granville Woods-- Third Rail (Subway)
57 H. Grenon Razor Stropping Device. Patent # 554,867 February 18, 1896
58 H.H. Reynolds Window Ventilator for Railroad Cars.
Patent No.275,271 April 3, 1883
59 H.A. Jackson Kitchen Table
60 Henry Blair Mechanical Seed Planter 1830
61 Henry Blair Mechanical Corn Harvester
62 Henry Single Patented an Improved Fish Hook. He sold it later for $625. 1854
63 Henry Sampson Cellular Phone July 6th, 1971
64 I.O. Carter Nursery Chair 1960
65 Issac R. Johnson Bicycle Frame
66 J. A. Joyce Ore Bucket. Patent # 603,143 April 26, 1898
67 J. Hawkins Patented the Gridiron March 3, 1845
68 J. Gregory Motor
69 J.A. Sweeting Cigarette Roller 1897
70 J.B. Winters Fire Escape Ladder
71 J. H. Hunter Portable Weighing Scales. Patent # 570,533 November 3, 1896
72 J.F. Pickering Air Ship 1892
73 J. H. Robinson Lifesaving guards for Street Cars. Patent# 623,929 April 25, 1899
74 J. Robinson Dinner Pail. Patent# 356,852 February 1, 1887
75 J. W. Reed Dough Kneader and Roller. Patents# 304,552 September 2, 1884
76 J. Ross Bailing Press. Patent # 632,539 Sept 05, 1899
77 J.H. White Convertible Sette (A Large Sofa) 1892
78 J.H. White Lemon Squeezer 1896
79 J.L. Love Pencil Sharpener. Patent # 594,114 23 November 1897
80 J.S. Smith Lawn Sprinkler. Patent # 581,785 May 4, 1897
81 James Forten Sailing Apparatus 1850
82 James S. Adams Airplane Propelling
83 Jan Matzelinger Automatic Shoe Making Machine 1883
84 Joan Clark Medicine Tray 1987
85 John A. Johnson Wrench
86 John Burr Lawn Mower
87 John Parker "Parker Pulverizer" Follower-Screw for Tobacco Presses. Patent# 304,552 September 2, 1884
88 John Standard Refrigerator. Patent# 304,552 Jul 14,1894
89 Joseph Gammel Supercharge System for Internal Combustion Engine
90 Joseph N. Jackson Programmable Remote Control
91 L.C. Bailey Folding Bed 1899
92 L. Bell Locomotive smoke stack. Patent# 115,153 May 23, 1871
93 L. F. Brown Bridle bit. Patent # 484,994 October 25, 1892
94 L.S. Burridge And N.R. Marsham Typewriter 1885
95 Lewis Howard Latimer Light Bulb Filament
96 Lewis Temple Toggle Harpoon (Revolutionized The Whaling Industry) 1848
97 Lloyd A. Hall Chemical compound to preserve meat
98 Lloyd P. Ray Dust Pan
99 Lydia Holmes Wood Toys. Patent # 2,529,692 November 14, 1950
100 Lydia O. Newman Hair brush
101 M.C. Harney Lantern/Lamp Aug.19, 1884
102 Madam. C. Walker Hair Care Products 1905
103 Majorie Joyner Permanent hair wave machine. Patent # 1693515 November 27, 1928
104 Madeline M. Turner The Fruit Press 1916
105 Marie V. Brittan Brown Security System. Patent # 3,482,037 December 2, 1969
106 Manley West Discovered compound in canibis to cure glaucoma. 1980-1987
107 Norbett Rillieux Sugar Refining System 1846
108 O.B. Clare Rail Tresle. Patent# 390,753 October 9, 1888
109 O. E. Brown Horse Shoe 8/23/1892
110 Onesimus Small Pox Inoculation (He Brought This Method From Africa Where Advance Medical Practices Were In Use Long Before Europeans Had Any Medical Knowledge) 1721
111 Otis F. Boykin Wire Type Precision Resistor.
Patent # U.S. 2,891,227 June 16, 1959
112 Paul E Williams Helicopter
113 Peter Walker Machine for Cleaning Seed Cotton
114 Phillip Downing Letter Drop Mailbox. Patent # 462,096 October 27, 1891
115 Philip Emeagwali Accurate Weather Forecasting 1990
116 Philip Emeagwali Hyperball Computer April 1996
117 Philip Emeagwali Improved Petroleum Recovery 1990
118 Philip Emeagwali World's Fastest Computer 1989
119 R.A. Butler Train alarm. Patent #157,370 June 15, 1897
120 R.P. Scott Corn Silker 1894
121 Richard Spikes Automatic Gear Shift
122 Robert Flemming Jr. Guitar March 3, 1886
123 S. H. Love Improvement to military guns. Patent # 1301143. 22 April 1919
124 S. H. Love Improve Vending Machine. Patent # 1936515 November 21, 1933
125 Sara E. Goode Cabinet Bed 1885
126 Rufus Stokes Patent #3,378,241 Exhaust Purifier April 16, 1968
127 Sarah Boone Ironing Board April 26, 1892
128 T. Elkins Toilet 1897
129 T. J. Byrd Rail car coupling . Patent# 157,370 December 1, 1874
130 Thomas Carrington Range Oven 1876
131 Thomas J.Martin Patented the Fire Extinguisher March 26, 1872
132 Thomas W. Stewart Mop 1893
133 Virgie M. Ammons Fireplace Damper Actuating Tool. Patent # 3,908,633 September 30, 1975
134 W. A. Lovette The Advance Printing Press
135 W. F. Burr Railway Switching device . Patent # 636,197 Oct.31,1899
136 W. H. Ballow Combined hatrack and table. Patent # 601,422 March 29, 1898
137 W.S. Campbell Self-setting animal trap. Patent# 246,369 August 30, 1881
138 W. Johnson Egg Beater 1884
139 W.B. Purvis The Fountain Pen Patent# 419,065 Jan 7,1890
140 W.D. Davis Riding Saddles October 6, 1895
141 W.H. Sammons Hot Comb 1920
142 W.S. Grant Curtain Rod Support 1896
143 William Barry Postmarking and Canceling machine

[Night Nurse]

Re: It's Black Histry--Cum gi we sum knowledge.

Africa is not only the original home of humanity, it is the cradle of its intellect. It was on Africa's savannahs, riverbanks, highlands, deserts, and forests that the first men and women used the power of their minds to shape their environment in ways that suited them. Here man established himself as a tool maker and hunter and advanced social animal. Over the course of millions of years, groups of prehistoric Africans of the genus Homo reasoned, judged, understood, and created the basis for much of the technology and industry that exists in the world today. John E. Pfeiffer.

[img]/forums/images/graemlins/blush.gif[/img]

[Night Nurse]

Re: It's Black Histry--Cum gi we sum knowledge.

More inventors of color...


air conditioning unit
Frederick M. Jones July 12, 1949

almanac
Benjamin Banneker Approx 1791

auto cut-off switch
Granville T. Woods January 1, 1839

auto fishing devise
G. Cook May 30, 1899

automatic gear shift
Richard Spikes February 28, 1932

baby buggy
W.H. Richardson June 18, 1899

bicycle frame
L.R. Johnson October 10, 1899

biscuit cutter
A.P. Ashbourne November 30, 1875

blood plasma bag
Charles Drew Approx. 1945

cellular phone
Henry T. Sampson July 6, 1971

chamber commode (Toilet)
T. Elkins January 3, 1897

clothes dryer
G. T. Sampson June 6, 1862

curtain rod
S. R. Scratton November 30, 1889

curtain rod support
William S. Grant August 4, 1896

door knob
O. Dorsey December 10, 1878

door stop
O. Dorsey December 10, 1878

dust pan
Lawrence P. Ray August 3, 1897

egg beater
Willie Johnson February 5, 1884

electric lampbulb
Lewis Latimer March 21, 1882

elevator
Alexander Miles October 11, 1867

eye protector /patch
P. Johnson November 2, 1880

fire escape ladder
J. W. Winters May 7, 1878

fire extinguisher
T. Marshall October 26, 1872

folding bed
L. C. Bailey July 18, 1899

folding chair
Brody & Surgwar June 11, 1889

fountain pen
W. B. Purvis January 7, 1890

furniture caster
O. A. Fisher 1878

gas mask
Garrett Morgan October 13, 1914

golf tee
T. Grant December 12, 1899

guitar
Robert F. Flemming, Jr. March 3, 1886

hair brush
Lydia O. Newman November 15, 18--

hand stamp
Walter B. Purvis February 27 1883

horse shoe
J. Ricks March 30, 1885

ice cream scooper
A. L. Cralle February 2, 1897

improv. sugar making
Norbet Rillieux December 10, 1846

insect-destroyer gun
A. C. Richard February 28, 1899

ironing board
Sarah Boone December 30, 1887

key chain
F. J. Loudin January 9, 1894

lantern
Michael C. Harvey August 19, 1884

lawn mower
A. Burr May 19, 1889

lawn sprinkler
J. W. Smith May 4, 1897

lemon squeezer
J. Thomas White December 8, 1893

lubricating cup
Ellijah McCoy November 15, 1895

lunch pail
James Robinson 1887

mail box
Paul L. Downing October 27, 1891

mop
Thomas W. Stewart June 11, 1893

motor Frederick M. Jones June 27, 1939

peanut butter
George Washington Carver 1896

pencil sharpener
J. L. Love November 23, 1897

phone transmitter
Granville T. Woods December 2, 1884

record player arm
Joseph Hunger Dickenson January 8, 1819

refrigerator
J. Standard June 14, 1891

riding saddles
W. D. Davis October 6, 1895

rolling pin
John W. Reed 1864

shampoo headrest
C. O. Bailiff October 11, 1898

spark plug
Edmond Berger February 2, 1839

stethoscope
Imhotep Ancient Egypt

stove
T. A. Carrington July 25, 1876

straightening comb
Madam C. J. Walker Approx 1905

street sweeper
Charles B. Brooks March 17, 1890

thermostat control
Frederick M. Jones February 23, 1960

traffic light
Garrett Morgan November 20, 1923

tricycle
M. A. Cherry May 6, 1886

typewriter
Burridge & Marshman April 7, 1885

[dahjah]

Re: It's Black Histry--Cum gi we sum knowledge.

Gwaan Night Nurse
bout EX
as far as mi concern yuh a fe mi Night Nurse suh mi nuh waan hear bout EX.
Even when yuh stop nursing yuh still a guh be mi Night Nurse seen. [img]/forums/images/graemlins/laugh.gif[/img]

[dahjah]

Re: It's Black Histry--Cum gi we sum knowledge.

Nat Turner's Rebellion
1831

Nat Turner was born on October 2, 1800, in Southampton County, Virginia, the week before Gabriel was hanged. While still a young child, Nat was overheard describing events that had happened before he was born. This, along with his keen intelligence, and other signs marked him in the eyes of his people as a prophet "intended for some great purpose." A deeply religious man, he "therefore studiously avoided mixing in society, and wrapped [him]self in mystery, devoting [his] time to fasting and praying."

In 1821, Turner ran away from his overseer, returning after thirty days because of a vision in which the Spirit had told him to "return to the service of my earthly master." The next year, following the death of his master, Samuel Turner, Nat was sold to Thomas Moore. Three years later, Nat Turner had another vision. He saw lights in the sky and prayed to find out what they meant. Then "... while laboring in the field, I discovered drops of blood on the corn, as though it were dew from heaven, and I communicated it to many, both white and black, in the neighborhood; and then I found on the leaves in the woods hieroglyphic characters and numbers, with the forms of men in different attitudes, portrayed in blood, and representing the figures I had seen before in the heavens."

On May 12, 1828, Turner had his third vision: "I heard a loud noise in the heavens, and the Spirit instantly appeared to me and said the Serpent was loosened, and Christ had laid down the yoke he had borne for the sins of men, and that I should take it on and fight against the Serpent, for the time was fast approaching when the first should be last and the last should be first... And by signs in the heavens that it would make known to me when I should commence the great work, and until the first sign appeared I should conceal it from the knowledge of men; and on the appearance of the sign... I should arise and prepare myself and slay my enemies with their own weapons."

At the beginning of the year 1830, Turner was moved to the home of Joseph Travis, the new husband of Thomas Moore's widow. His official owner was Putnum Moore, still a young child. Turner described Travis as a kind master, against whom he had no complaints.

Then, in February, 1831, there was an eclipse of the sun. Turner took this to be the sign he had been promised and confided his plan to the four men he trusted the most, Henry, Hark, Nelson, and Sam. They decided to hold the insurrection on the 4th of July and began planning a strategy. However, they had to postpone action because Turner became ill.

On August 13, there was an atmospheric disturbance in which the sun appeared bluish-green. This was the final sign, and a week later, on August 21, Turner and six of his men met in the woods to eat a dinner and make their plans. At 2:00 that morning, they set out to the Travis household, where they killed the entire family as they lay sleeping. They continued on, from house to house, killing all of the white people they encountered. Turner's force eventually consisted of more than 40 slaves, most on horseback.

By about mid-day on August 22, Turner decided to march toward Jerusalem, the closest town. By then word of the rebellion had gotten out to the whites; confronted by a group of militia, the rebels scattered, and Turner's force became disorganized. After spending the night near some slave cabins, Turner and his men attempted to attack another house, but were repulsed. Several of the rebels were captured. The remaining force then met the state and federal troops in final skirmish, in which one slave was killed and many escaped, including Turner. In the end, the rebels had stabbed, shot and clubbed at least 55 white people to death.

Nat Turner hid in several different places near the Travis farm, but on October 30 was discovered and captured. His "Confession," dictated to physician Thomas R. Gray, was taken while he was imprisoned in the County Jail. On November 5, Nat Turner was tried in the Southampton County Court and sentenced to execution. He was hanged, and then skinned, on November 11.

In total, the state executed 55 people, banished many more, and acquitted a few. The state reimbursed the slaveholders for their slaves. But in the hysterical climate that followed the rebellion, close to 200 black people, many of whom had nothing to do with the rebellion, were murdered by white mobs. In addition, slaves as far away as North Carolina were accused of having a connection with the insurrection, and were subsequently tried and executed.

The state legislature of Virginia considered abolishing slavery, but in a close vote decided to retain slavery and to support a repressive policy against black people, slave and free.

[dahjah]

Re: It's Black Histry--Cum gi we sum knowledge.

Noble Drew Ali

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Noble Drew Ali (Timothy Drew) (1886-?), religious leader, cultist; born in North Carolina. With little formal religious training, Ali established his first temple in Newark, N.J., in 1913 and later founded other temples in Pittsburgh, Pa.; Detroit, Mich.; and Chicago, Ill. The Chicago temple, known as the Moorish Science Temple of America, was the most famous, Ali taught initiates the necessity of nationality.
Upon becoming a full member, the initiate was given an identification card showing symbols for Allah,. Islam, and Unity, with the following inscription:

This is your Nationality and Idenification card for the Moorish Science Temple of America, and Birthrights for the Moorish Americans, etc.. We honor all divine prophets, Jesus, Mohammed, Buddha and Confucius.

May the blessings of the God of our Father Allah, be upon you that carry this card. I do hereby declare that you are a Moslem under the Divine Laws of the Holy Imam of Mecca, Love, Truth, Peace, Freedom, and Justice.

"I AM A CITIZEN OF THE U.S.A."
NOBLE DREW ALI, THE PROPHET,
3603 INDIANA AVE. CHICAGO, ILL

[dahjah]

Re: It's Black Histry--Cum gi we sum knowledge.

http://www.is.wayne.edu/mnissani/elephant/young.htm

[img]/forums/images/graemlins/cool.gif[/img] I've never admired a politician but Coleman Young was one worthy of admiration.
As a yute we'd always here and see what he was doing or said in Detroit or for Detroit. How the media tried to pik him apart and not once did they win.

here are a few of his quotes>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>&g t;>>>>>
On racism:

"Racism is something like high blood pressure -- the person who has it doesn't know he has it until he drops over with a goddamned stroke. There are no symptoms of racism. The victim of racism is in a much better position to tell you whether or not you're a racist than you are."
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


On the use of terrorism by oppressed people:

"I guess almost any tactic is legitimate when you've got somebody's foot on your neck."
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This is where white people an companies were running out of Detroit>>>>>>>>

On the abandonment of Detroit:

"No other city in America, no other city in the Western world, has lost the population at that rate. And what's at the root of that loss? Economics and race. Or should I say, race and economics."
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
On cussing:

"Swearing is an art form. You can express yourself much more directly, much more exactly, much more succinctly, with properly used curse words."
-------------------------------------------------
for more info check de link

[Trelli]

Re: It's Black Histry--Cum gi we sum knowledge.

Black inventors

here are a few:

Patricia Bath became the first African American woman doctor to receive a patent for a medical invention.


Related History
• Women Inventors
• Black Inventors
• Medical Inventions
• Laser Sugery for Eyes




By Mary Bellis
Dr. Patricia Bath, an ophthalmologist from New York, but living in Los Angeles when she received her patent, became the first African American woman doctor to receive a patent for a medical invention. Patricia Bath's patent (no. 4,744,360), a method for removing cataract lenses, transformed eye surgery, using a laser device making the procedure more accurate.
Patricia Bath’s passionate dedication to the treatment and prevention of blindness led her to develop the Cataract Laserphaco Probe. The probe, patented in 1988, is designed to use the power of a laser to quickly and painlessly vaporize cataracts from patients’ eyes, replacing the more common method of using a grinding, drill-like device to remove the afflictions. With another invention, Bath was able to restore sight to people who had been blind for over 30 years. Patricia Bath also holds patents for her invention in Japan, Canada, and Europe.
Patricia Bath graduated from the Howard University School of Medicine in 1968 and completed specialty training in ophthalmology and corneal transplant at both New York University and Columbia University. In 1975, Bath became the first African-American woman surgeon at the UCLA Medical Center and the first woman to be on the faculty of the UCLA Jules Stein Eye Institute. She is the founder and first president of the American Institute for the Prevention of Blindness. Patricia Bath was elected to Hunter College Hall of Fame in 1988 and elected as Howard University Pioneer in Academic Medicine in 1993.


Andrew Beard (1849-1921)

Andrew Beard was a farmer, carpenter, blacksmith, a railroad worker, a businessman and finally an inventor.


Andrew Beard was born a slave on a plantation in Woodland, Alabama, shortly before slavery ended. Andrew Beard was a farmer, carpenter, blacksmith, a railroad worker, a businessman and finally an inventor.

In 1881, he patented his first invention, a plow, and sold the patent rights for $4,000 in 1884. In 1887, Andrew Beard patented a second plaw and sold it for $5,200. Beard invested the money he made from his plow inventions into a profitable real-estate business.

In 1892, he patented a rotary engine. In 1897, Andrew Beard patented an improvement to railroad car couplers commonly called the Jenny Coupler (not to be mistaken for the Janney coupler). It did the dangerous job of hooking railroad cars together, Beard, himself had lost a leg in a car coupling accident. As an ex-railroad worker, Andrew Beard had the right idea that probably saved countless lives and limbs. Andrew Beard received $50,000 for the patent rights to his Jenny coupler. View the complete patent drawings for Beard's inventions.




Below you can view the patent drawings for both of Andrew Jackson Beard's inventions.