Slavery ties to modern day as we know it

[Morpheous]

Many people want to sweep the effects of slavery under the carpet by saying its in the past. Some people are living in denial and ignaroance when you hear them say things like slavery was so many years ago and it has been abolished so we are free with a bright and wonderful future with milk and honey all the way.

So let's look at how our present business societies have been doing during slavery and how these companies have a connection with us today. Given that your money is probably lodged, invested or saved with them with or without your knowledge. I work in the financial sector so a lot of what is to follow hits home when I sit in a certain bank to make them money and deal with some of the named institutions at various points throughout my career.

<span style="color: #FF6600"><span style="font-size: 14pt">Is slavery relevant to todays modern society?</span></span>

[Morpheous]

Re: Slavery ties to modern day as we know it

<span style="color: #993300"><span style="font-size: 17pt">JP Morgan, Chase Manhattan Bank</span></span>
By September 2000, I had completed research around Chase Manhattan Bank. Using the online New York State Banking History Database, I traced two of JP Morgan Chase’s earlier banks, The Merchant’s Bank of New York, and The Leather Manufacturers Bank of New York, to a slave policy circular. They are listed as the exclusive bankers for a $2.5 million venture in writing slave life insurance policies in 1852. This amount of money is substantial for that time. Other slave policy writing ventures I have encountered did not exceed $300,000 in capital investments.
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<span style="color: #993300"><span style="font-size: 17pt">Leham Brothers</span></span>
The Lehman family members were Alabama cotton brokers. In 1850 they founded Lehman Brothers Investments, acquiring their capital and wealth by investing and trading in cotton. Three sons moved to New York City in 1858, where they later helped to establish the New York Cotton Exchange (1870). In 1781, Wachovia Bank of North Carolina was founded on the profits of the slave trade. Its predecessors, the Bank of Charleston, S.C., and the Bank of North America, made loans to slave “owners” and accepted slaves as collateral. When the owners defaulted on the loans the banks became the new slave owners. The Morgan family of Massachusetts was a major stock broker. JP Morgan brokers became JP Morgan/Chase. Their predecessor banks also made loans to slave owners and accepted 13,000 enslaved Africans as “collateral.” When owners defaulted, the banks acquired their fortunes by becoming the new owners of 1,250 slaves. Chase Bank is owned by the Rockefeller family. Another profitable company was Aetna Insurance Co., which sold insurance to slave owners wanting to protect their investments of human cargo aboard the slave ships and on the plantations, should a slave die. The life insurance policies, issued in the 1850s, were intended to compensate slave owners for the loss of people who were at that time considered “property.” Wall Street and slavery are connected in other ways. Wall Street got its name because of a physical wall built there along the river to protect New York City from invasion. Slave labor built the wall and much of the city. Slave auctions were held at the foot of Wall Street when ships carrying enslaved Africans arrived. Slavery resulted in these capitalistic enterprises becoming profitable and powerful. The foundation of U.S. capitalism was built on slave labor and racism. After the Civil War, the U.S. went from competitive capitalism to imperialism and became a financial empire. Now the government is bailing out these same companies and the burden again is falling most heavily on the working class, including the descendents of those slaves.
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[Morpheous]

Re: Slavery ties to modern day as we know it

<span style="color: #993300"><span style="font-size: 17pt">Insurance, Tobacco &amp; Textile Companies</span></span>
On the other side of the lawsuits are seventeen powerful corporations. They include financial institutions such as JPMorgan Chase and FleetBoston; insurance companies (e.g., Aetna and New York Life); railroads (Norfolk Southern, Union Pacific and CSX); tobacco companies (R.J. Reynolds, Brown &amp; Williamson); and a textile manufacturer (WestPoint Stevens). The lawsuits claim that predecessors of the financial institutions loaned money to slaveowners and handled the monetary transactions of slavery; that insurance companies insured slaves and slave ships; that railroads forced slaves to build and run rail lines (a railroad rulebook prescribes thirty-nine lashes for recalcitrant slaves); that tobacco companies used slave labor in the tobacco fields; and that textile companies profited from cotton cultivated by slaves and sold the coarse garments slaves were forced to wear. The number of corporations that benefited from slavery and that could be sued may reach more than a hundred, according to Deadria Farmer-Paellmann, a lawyer who is a plaintiff and who almost single-handedly has uncovered the information linking corporations to slavery. &quot;These companies have become multibillion-dollar interests in large part due to the practice of stealing people and stealing their labor,&quot; she said. &quot;Justice requires that they atone for these wrongs by paying restitution.&quot;
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[Morpheous]

Re: Slavery ties to modern day as we know it

<span style="font-size: 17pt"><span style="color: #990000">Mergers</span></span>
Already, research has determined that several insurers were involved in providing slave insurance policies to slave owners. Deadria Farmer-Paellmann, an attorney, has discovered an 1852 circular that named some of the insurers that serviced these policies. The National Loan Fund Life Assurance Company of London distributed a circular entitled &quot;A Method by Which Slave Owners May Be Protected From Loss&quot; in which it named The Merchants Bank and The Leather Manufacturers Bank as institutions able to pay and adjust claims. The circular also included the names of medical examiners in Virginia, Washington DC, and North Carolina who were authorized to examine slaves and offer insurance policies. Under a typical policy, a 30-year-old slave could be insured for $500 with an annual premium of about $11.25. The circular has exposed that Chase Manhattan was connected with slave insurance policies based upon its merger with two of the banks named in the circular. In 1920, the Merchants Bank merged with The Bank of the Manhattan Company and in 1955, it merged with Chase. In 1904, The Leather Manufacturers Bank merged with The Mechanics National Bank, and then in 1926 merged with Chase. However, Chase is not alone; it has also been uncovered that Aetna was involved in slavery as well. In March 2000, Aetna issued a public apology for its involvement in underwriting policies in the 1850s. Other companies include New York Life, American Life Insurance Co., and Baltimore Life Insurance Co., which is not related to the present day insurer, The Baltimore Life Companies.
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[Tuff Gong]

Re: Slavery ties to modern day as we know it

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: More4us</div><div class="ubbcode-body">Many people want to sweep the effects of slavery under the carpet by saying its in the past. Some people are living in denial and ignaroance when you hear them say things like slavery was so many years ago and it has been abolished so we are free with a bright and wonderful future with milk and honey all the way. </div></div>

When you start with dishonesty it can only go south from there.
Who are those <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black'">many people</span> and when did they say that?

[Morpheous]

Re: Slavery ties to modern day as we know it

<span style="color: #990000"><span style="font-size: 17pt">Nathan Mayer Rothschild &amp; Freshfields - London</span></span>
Two of the biggest names in the City of London had previously undisclosed links to slavery in the British colonies, documents seen by the Financial Times have revealed. Nathan Mayer Rothschild, the banking family’s 19th-century patriarch, and James William Freshfield, founder of Freshfields, the top City law firm, benefited financially from slavery, records from the National Archives show, even though both have often been portrayed as opponents of slavery. Far from being a matter of distant history, slavery remains a highly contentious issue in the US, where Rothschild and Freshfields are both active. Companies alleged to have links to past slave injustices have come under pressure to make restitution. JPMorgan, the investment bank, set up a $5m scholarship fund for black students studying in Louisiana after apologising in 2005 for the company’s historic links to slavery.
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<span style="font-size: 17pt"><span style="color: #990000">Government set up bail out money for slave owners</span></span>
When the debtor – who had put up the slaves as collateral – defaulted, N.M. Rothschild sought to recoup £3,000 he was owed through the compensation scheme the government had set up to bail out slave owners after abolition in the 1830s. Rothschild bank officials said the information had been new to them, adding: “We greatly regret that Rothschild is linked in any way to the abhorrent institution of slavery. Rothschild as a firm strongly supports equal opportunities and human rights.”
Rothschild…and Freshfields…have become the first UK businesses to say they “greatly regret” their links with slavery. The acknowledgments and expressions of regret came after the Financial Times published previously unexamined documents showing that N.M. Rothschild, the founder of the banking dynasty, had benefited from slavery by mortgaging 88 slaves in Antigua...Rothschild bank officials said…“We greatly regret that Rothschild is linked in any way to the abhorrent institution of slavery. Rothschild as a firm strongly supports equal opportunities and human rights.” Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer said in a statement: “We greatly regret that the firm is linked in any way to the inhumane institution of slavery. Freshfields has a long tradition of supporting equal opportunities, human rights and access to justice, and we are deeply committed to promoting these objectives.”…In the past five years, several US companies, including JPMorgan, the bank, and Aetna, the insurance company, have apologised for slavery...
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[Sinco01]

Re: Slavery ties to modern day as we know it

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: Tuff Gong</div><div class="ubbcode-body"><div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: More4us</div><div class="ubbcode-body">Many people want to sweep the effects of slavery under the carpet by saying its in the past. Some people are living in denial and ignaroance when you hear them say things like slavery was so many years ago and it has been abolished so we are free with a bright and wonderful future with milk and honey all the way. </div></div>

When you start with dishonesty it can only go south from there.
<span style="font-weight: bold">Who are those <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black'">many people</span></span> and when did they say that? </div></div>


Tuffy are we not reafing about them right now .. ??

[Tuff Gong]

Re: Slavery ties to modern day as we know it

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: Sinco01</div><div class="ubbcode-body">Tuffy are we not reafing about them right now .. ??
</div></div>
<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black'">We are not?</span>

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black'">Who is we</span>, are you two posting in conjunction with each other?
Look you can't start threads with the express intention to lie and trace other members without expecting to be ask about it. It is as simple as that.
As Icall no one, not one single member cast any doubts about the historic role the Transatlantic Slave Trade played in the establishment of certain modern business.

[Wahalla]

Re: Slavery ties to modern day as we know it

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: Tuff Gong</div><div class="ubbcode-body"><div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: Sinco01</div><div class="ubbcode-body">Tuffy are we not reafing about them right now .. ??
</div></div>
<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black'">We are not?</span>

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black'">Who is we</span>, are you two posting in conjunction with each other?
Look you can't start threads with the express intention to lie and trace other members without expecting to be ask about it. It is as simple as that.
As Icall no one, not one single member cast any doubts about the historic role the Transatlantic Slave Trade played in the establishment of certain modern business.
</div></div>

guess non of us were aware of any of this....let us thank the man for telling us this.. the analogy is columbus at san salvador...Franz Fanon, Walter Rodney, Eric Williams histories, CLR james, JA Rodgers, Marcus Garvey,arnalod betram, Cudley Deadly thompson, The Hart Brothers, Mutaburuka, John Hearne, and a dozen oped writers in the gleaner even Seaga never ever mentioned or wrote all of this before..... Surprised Barclay and Barings have not been mentioned.. or lloyds registrar.. Guess our teachers never bothered mentioned any of this to us.. guess our parents never taught us this.... till yesterday I was living in ignorant bliss.....

my point is that every bloody heros days, emancipation, independence day the basis of all of this is told and retold by yhee talking heads in Jamaicca for the past 40 years

[Morpheous]

Re: Slavery ties to modern day as we know it

<span style="color: #990000"><span style="font-size: 17pt">Britain reduced import duties that imposed penalties on slave grown sugar</span></span>
Slave-owners in the Southern US states, Cuba and Brazil, and the owners of slave-worked plantations and mines, all continued to make large profits from this illegal trade. Britain even reduced the import duties that imposed penalties on slave grown sugar in the 1840s. That led to an increase in the exportation of the enslaved from Africa to Cuba and Brazil, as slave grown sugar became much more competitive. It was cotton that led to the phenomenal economic growth of Lancashire and the north west of England, particularly Liverpool and Manchester. Some 80 percent of it came from the Americas, where it was grown and packed by slaves. Compared with the campaign against slave grown sugar, this complicity appears to have worried very few people. Were there just too many people working directly and indirectly in the import, export, and manufacturing of cotton? Were those making their millions from it just too influential? Prior to the 1807 act Liverpool had pleaded that it would collapse without the open trade in enslaved Africans. In fact it grew, and much of its growth was still based on the “nefarious trade” – which would only start to diminish in the 1860s. The trade finally stopped when the enslaved in Cuba and Brazil were emancipated in the 1880s, by which time up to 20 million Africans may have lost their lives as a result. Those who benefited included the banks, insurance companies, shipbuilders, sail and later engine makers, and the manufacturers of goods exchanged for men, women and children in Africa.
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<span style="color: #990000"><span style="font-size: 17pt">Lloyds and others exposed</span></span>
* <span style="font-weight: bold">John Angerstein, the founder of Lloyd's</span> of London, who owned a third share in a slave estate in Grenada, on of the islands ceded to England after the Anglo-French Seven Years War (1756-1763). Angerstein built Woodlands House at Blackheath between 1772 and 1774, where his family remained until the 1780's. He is buried in St. John's Church in Blackheath;

* <span style="font-weight: bold">Ambrose Crowley, an iron merchant</span> who was living in Greenwich in 1704. He made his fortune producing manacles, ankle irons and collars, essential for securing the slaves from their journey from Africa in barbaric conditions.
* William Innes of Grotes Place who was a leading West Indian merchant and supporter of the slave trade;

* <span style="font-weight: bold">Duncan Campbell, the overseer of the prison hulk system</span> and another Greenwich resident was a plantation owner in Jamaica. He was an uncle of Captain William's Blyth wife. It was Campbell who recommended Bligh for the command of The Bounty.

* <span style="font-weight: bold">Thomas King of Dartmouth Grove</span>, a partner in a firm of slave agents in Camden, Calvert &amp; King;

* <span style="font-weight: bold">Francis Abbatt</span>, the founder of the Blackheath Golf Club;

* <span style="font-weight: bold">Samuel and Thomas Fludyer</span>, who were partners in a well-known firm of merchants that traded in the Caribbean around 1763. Samuel Fludyer lived at Dacre House in Blackheath and was reputed to have spent £1500 on his campaign to get &quot;elected&quot; to Parliament in 1754 - which probably means the money was spent on bribing electors - a common practice before the secret ballot was introduced in 1867. By 1761, he was a baronet and Lord Mayor of London;
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[Morpheous]

Re: Slavery ties to modern day as we know it

<span style="color: #990000"><span style="font-size: 17pt">Descendants of slaves seeking compensation</span></span>
DESCENDANTS of black American slaves have accused the Lloyd’s of London insurance market and two United States companies of profiting from the slave trade in a lawsuit seeking billions of pounds in damages. The suit, filed in Manhattan’s federal court, seeks just over £1 billion in punitive damages from Lloyd’s, tobacco firm RJ Reynolds and banking group FleetBoston. The suit also seeks unspecified actual damages. Filed on behalf of six adults and two children, the suit alleges the companies intentionally sought to destroy the plaintiffs’ &quot;people, culture, religion and heritage&quot;. Lawyers for the eight plaintiffs said the complaint - unlike past lawsuits seeking reparations for slavery - was the first to use DNA to link the plaintiffs to Africans who suffered atrocities during the slave trade.
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<span style="color: #990000"><span style="font-size: 17pt">Barclays conceded ties to slavery</span></span>
Barclays, which is trying to buy Dutch Bank Amro, has now conceded companies it bought over the years may have been involved in the slave trade. But it said board members had not discussed the issue and a spokesman would not be drawn on whether they would do so soon. The New York-based Restitution Study Group has uncovered evidence that two prominent slave trading bankers, Benjamin and Arthur Heywood from Liverpool, founded Heywoods Bank in 1773 on profits from the slave trade. Heywoods was taken over by Martins Bank in 1883 which itself was bought by Barclays in 1968.
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[Morpheous]

Re: Slavery ties to modern day as we know it

<span style="color: #990000"><span style="font-size: 17pt">Jamaican descendant Clive Campbell files lawsuit</span></span>


Clive Campbell, leader of the Brooklyn youth group Da Black Defense League, has filed a slavery genocide lawsuit in State Court in Kings County, Brooklyn demanding compensation for Barclays Bank’s alleged role in enslaving his Jamaican ancestors and the resulting destruction of his African ethnic and national identity. According to British records, the Heywood brothers founded their bank with money earned from the slave-trade, and used the bank to help other merchants engage in the slave-trading business as well. The Heywood brothers engaged in at least 125 slave-trading voyages. They enslaved 38,620 Africans, 6,045 of whom died during the Middle Passage before reaching the Americas.
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[Morpheous]

Re: Slavery ties to modern day as we know it

<span style="color: #990000"><span style="font-size: 17pt">Bank of England involved</span></span>
The Bank of England was also involved. When it was set up in 1694, it underpinned the whole system of commercial credit, and its wealthy City members, from the governor down, were often men whose fortunes had been made wholly or partly in the slave trade. The Bank of England stabilised the national finances, and enabled the state to wage its major wars of the 18th century. These wars were aimed at securing and safeguarding overseas possessions, including the slave colonies, and to finance the military and naval means that protected the Atlantic slave routes and the plantation economies.
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[Tuff Gong]

Re: Slavery ties to modern day as we know it

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: Wahalla</div><div class="ubbcode-body">my point is that every bloody heros days, emancipation, independence day the basis of all of this is told and retold by yhee talking heads in Jamaicca for the past 40 years </div></div>

Let's put aside all that and without fact checking any of this. I want to ask has there ever been any painstaking research into the of the African Slave Catchers who sold their fellow Africans into Slavery.
As well as the Maroon Slave Catchers?
Do we know who their modern heirs are, whether or not they grew wealthy from the deals and if their wealth was invested in other ventures?

[Dr.Dudd]

Re: Slavery ties to modern day as we know it

<div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: Tuff Gong</div><div class="ubbcode-body"><div class="ubbcode-block"><div class="ubbcode-header">Originally Posted By: Wahalla</div><div class="ubbcode-body">my point is that every bloody heros days, emancipation, independence day the basis of all of this is told and retold by yhee talking heads in Jamaicca for the past 40 years </div></div>

Let's put aside all that and without fact checking any of this. I want to ask has there ever been any painstaking research into the of the African Slave Catchers who sold their fellow Africans into Slavery.
As well as the Maroon Slave Catchers?
Do they know who their modern heirs are, whether or not they grew wealthy from the deals and if their wealth was invested in other ventures? </div></div> This is the equavalence to blaming the drug mules for drug trafficking. So we should ignore th epeoplewho really make their fortune on slavery because some hungry person eat food of it.
Wher e is the wealth that those people have amased?
They are intrested in getting what is due .
they can't waste time going after those who don't have squat. even if they exist today, there is no evidence that they amassed a fortune at their foreparents expense.