black historee month

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9 Interesting Little-Known Facts About Black History Month

1. Carter G. Woodson was the son of former enslaved Africans James and Eliza Riddle Woodson. He gained a master’s degree at the University of Chicago in 1908, and in 1912, he received a Ph.D. in history from Harvard University. Woodson, known as the “Father of Black History” started Negro History week in 1926, which later became Black History Month.

carter g woodson was a boule


Carter G. Woodson was a member of Omega Psi Phi. Woodson was found receiving money from the Carnegie, Lord-Spellman, and Rockefeller Foundations to help his education programs.

Carter G. Woodson became well known for his infamous quote,
“When you control a man’s thinking, you do not have to worry about his actions. You do not have to tell him not to stand here or go yonder, he will find his proper place and stay in it. You do not need to send him to the back door. He will go without being told. In fact, if there is no back door, he will cut one for his special benefit.”

Woodson became controversial and wrote his bestselling Miseducation Of The Negro, years after being exiled from the Boule’ along with DuBois. Malcolm X is claimed to have called the Boule as the Big 6. The logo of the Boule is the Sphinx. A sphinx is a third part woman, one-third eagle and one-third lion (notice the breasts and wings) among Greek mythology. The Sphinx was there to guard something.

http://1truechrist.wordpress.com/2009/03/03/greek-fraternities-freemasons-the-boule-and-skull-and-bones-secret-societies-part-5/

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2. February was chosen as the month to observe Black history because it is the birth month of abolitionist and writer Frederick Douglass (Feb. 14) and President Abraham Lincoln (Feb. 12).

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3. Woodson believed rather than only focusing on a few men and women in America, the Black community should focus on the countless Black men and women around the world who had contributed to the advancement of human civilization.

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5. Because of the widespread interest in Black history, during the Civil Rights Movement in the South, some schools incorporated Black history into the curriculum with the hope of starting an intellectual movement that would advance social change.

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6. Prior to his death in 1950, Woodson pressed schools to shift from studying Black history one week a year to studying Black history throughout the year. Woodson’s ultimate goal was to have Black people learn of their past all year so that the annual celebration would no longer be necessary.

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7. Actor Morgan Freeman says a month dedicated to Black history is “ridiculous.” In an 2005 interview on ”60 Minutes,” Freeman said, “You’re going to relegate my history to a month? I don’t want a Black history month. Black history is American history.”

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8. In 1976, 50 years after the first celebration, President Gerald Ford expanded Negro History Week to Black History Month.

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9. Countries around the world, including Canada and the United Kingdom, also devote a month to celebrating Black history.

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The Haitian Massacre of 1804


After the enslaved Africans defeated the French in 1804 and established Haiti as the first Black country in the Western hemisphere, a mass killing occurred. The Haitian Massacre was an organized ethnic cleansing that was carried out against the remaining white population of French Creoles by the order of Jean-Jacques Dessalines, the first ruler of the independent nation. Throughout the entire territory of Haiti, from early February 1804 until April 22, 1804, 3,000 to 5,000 people of all ages and gender were put to death.

Squads of soldiers moved from house to house, killing white families. White women and children were killed last; Dessalines did not specifically mention that the women should be killed, and the soldiers were reportedly somewhat hesitant to do so. In the end, however, they were also put to death at a later stage of the massacre than the adult men. The argument for killing the women was that whites would not truly be eradicated if the white women were spared to give birth to new Frenchmen.

Dessalines told his army that he ordered the mass killing because of past atrocities committed by the Europeans, especially by the former white French authorities Donatien-Marie-Joseph Rochambeau and Charles Leclerc.

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The ‘Perfect’ Ship Massacre (Gambia)
The “Perfect” was the name of a ship used by the British to transport Africans captured for enslavement in the Americas. In 1758, when “Perfect” Capt. William Potter of Liverpool left a West African port bound for Charleston, S. C., he was met by ambush. While sailing on the River Gambia, the ship was attacked by local people, who organized an effort to free the captives.

After Potter and his crew of more than 30 white men had completed the purchase of over 300 Africans and set sail, they were immediately cornered by more than 300 warriors, who approached and surrounded the vessel in their own boats. Heavily armed with guns and knives, the Africans boarded the ship and began to battle Potter and his men. The warriors killed the British captain and his entire crew, and freed the captive Africans.

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Paul Bogle’s Morant Bay Uprising (Morant Bay, St. Thomas, Jamaica)

As conditions for Black people became unbearable in Jamaica, Paul Bogle, the leader of the 1865 Morant Bay Uprising, started an initiative to fight the white colonial British government for justice and fair treatment.

The seeds for the Morant Bay Uprising were sown on Oct. 7, 1865, when Bogle and his supporters attended a trial for a Black man who was imprisoned for trespassing on a long-abandoned plantation. At the court, one member of Bogle’s group protested the unjust trial and he was immediately arrested, angering the crowd further. He was rescued moments later, when Bogle and his men took to the market square and retaliated, severely beating the police and forcing them to retreat.

Two days later, warrants were issued against Bogle and a number of his men for rioting and assault. The police arrived at Bogle’s community to arrest them, but were met with stiff resistance from the men and again, the police were forced to retreat to Morant Bay.

On Oct. 11, Bogle and his followers decided not to wait for the police to return but armed themselves and went to the Court House in Morant Bay. The authorities were shaken, and fired into the crowd, killing seven people. Bogle and his men retaliated, by setting fire to the Court House and nearby buildings. As several white officials and militia tried to leave the burning buildings, Bogle and his followers killed them and took control of the town. In the days that followed as many as 2,000 of Bogle’s men roamed the countryside, killing white farm owners and forcing others to flee for their lives.

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The Malagasy Uprising (Madagascar)

The Malagasy Uprising was a Black nationalist revolt against French colonial rule in Madagascar, lasting from March 1947 to December 1948.

In late 1945, Black Malagasy nationalists, Joseph Raseta, Joseph Ravoahangy and Jacques Rabemananjara of the Mouvement Démocratique de la Rénovation Malgache (MDRM) political party, led a drive to achieve independence for Madagascar through legal channels. The failure of this initiative and the harsh response it drew from the Socialist administration of French Prime Minister Paul Ramadier, radicalized elements of the Black population, including leaders of several militant nationalist secret societies.

On the evening of March 29, 1947, coordinated surprise attacks were launched by the nationalists against military bases and French-owned plantations in the eastern region of the island. The nationalist cause was rapidly adopted in the south and spread to the central highlands and the capital of Antananarivo by the following month, with the number of Black nationalist fighters estimated at over 1 million.

The Black Malagasy nationalists attacked several other French-owned army bases, businesses, and farms until they eventually slaughtered approximately 2,450 French nationals, and other supporters of PADESM, a pro-France Malagasy political party created with support from the colonial authorities to compete with MDRM. The results of the Malagasy Uprising worried the French authorities, ultimately forcing them to declare Madagascar’s independence in 1960.

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The Marlborough Ship Massacre
In 1752, the English ship “Marlborough” that was owned by William Lougher & Co. of Bristol, and captained by Robert Codd, left England for Bonny, Nigeria and the Gold Coast (modern-day Ghana) of West Africa. It was its fourth and final voyage to transport captured Africans to slavery in the Americas.

The crew made it to West Africa, 420 African captives were purchased, and the ship set out across the Atlantic Ocean to sail to the Americas.

The captain attempted to use 28 of the Africans from the Gold Coast to help sail the ship and on Oct. 14, 1752, three days after leaving Bonny, the ship was taken over by the captives on board. They led the successful uprising when they were brought up on deck for washing. The 420 Black men and women fought and killed 33 of the 35 crewmen on board. They kept two crew members alive to sail the ship back to West Africa. The ship sailed to Bonny first and the Africans from that region went ashore. The remaining men and women set off for the Gold Coast and upon reaching there, the ship and the two remaining crew members were never seen again.

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Black Celebs Who Risked Fame & Fortune To Move Us Forward

Muhammad Ali

Former professional boxer Muhammad Ali is generally considered among the greatest heavyweights in the sport’s history. A controversial and even polarizing figure during his early career, Ali is today widely regarded not only for the skills he displayed in the ring but for the values he exemplified outside of it: religious freedom, racial justice and the triumph of principle over expedience.

When Ali appeared on the scene, it was popular among those in the vanguard of the civil rights movement to take the “safe” path. That path was unsafe for those who participated in the struggle. Too many men and women were subjected to economic assaults, violence and death when they carried the struggle “too far.”

Then along came Ali, preaching not “white American values,” but freedom and equality of a kind rarely seen anywhere in the world. And as if that wasn’t threatening enough, Ali attacked the status quo from outside of politics and the accepted strategies of the civil rights movement.

source: .gilderlehrman.org

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Black Celebs Who Risked Fame & Fortune To Move Us Forward

Bob Marley

Bob Marley was a Jamaican singer-songwriter who achieved international fame through a series of crossover reggae albums. He’s considered to be one of the greatest and most influential artists of all time. Marley is often credited with making the Rastafarian way of life popular around the world, and he was passionate about the rights of African people across the Diaspora.

His accomplishments are too many to list here. However, his music can be thought of as the soundtrack to many independent struggles in Africa.

Always trying to broker peace, Marley almost paid with his life in December 1976, when he was scheduled to perform at a concert aimed at ending political violence in Jamaica. Two days before the event, gunmen opened fire on his Kingston home attempting to kill him before he could perform. Miraculously, Bob and the rest of the band escaped with their lives intact.

In recognition of his courageous attempt to bridge Jamaica’s cavernous political divide, Marley traveled to the United Nations in New York where he received the Peace Medal of the Third World in June 1978.

source: bobmarley.com