New: One more time - should ganja be legalized?

[Tropicana]

Lung functionIn the Tucson study (Bloom et al. 1987), regular marijuana use (approximately 1 joint/day on the average) by young persons was associated with significant impairment in measurements that reflect the function of the small airways—the major site of COPD. These changes were even greater than those noted in young regular tobacco smokers, and the effects of both marijuana and tobacco appeared to be additive. The authors concluded that regular marijuana smoking was a risk factor for the development of COPD, which, in its advanced stages, is characterized by disabling shortness of breath. In contrast, the Los Angeles study (Tashkin et al. 1987) failed to find any impairment in small airways function in association with even heavier regular use of marijuana (3 - joints per day), although mild, statistically significant narrowing of large, central airways was noted in the marijuana users. Recently, a longitudinal analysis of the lung function results obtained in Los Angeles (Tashkin et al. 1997) revealed an accelerated rate of decline in lung function with age (as is characteristic of tobacco smokers who are destined to develop symptomatic COPD) in the tobacco-smoking participants but failed to find such an effect in the marijuana smokers. The mixed findings from these two studies leave open the question as to whether habitual smoking of marijuana, in the absence of tobacco, can lead to COPD.
Bronchoscopic findings: visual appearance and microscopic alterations in bronchial wall biopsies
Bronchoscopy was performed in 53 NS, 40 MS, 31 IS, and 44 MTS who participated in the LosAngeles study (Fligiel et al. in press; Gong et al. 1987) to ascertain whether regular smoking of marijuana with or without tobacco might cause damage to the airways and lung that might not be reflected by abnormalities in lung function. Visual inspection of the appearance of the large, central airways showed that a large proportion of smokers of marijuana or tobacco alone (but rarely nonsmokers) showed evidence of increased redness (erythema) and swelling (edema) of the airway tissues and increased mucous secretions, and the findings in the combined smokers of both marijuana and tobacco appeared additive (Roth et al. 1996). These visual findings were correlated with microscopic evidence of increased numbers and size of small blood vessels in the bronchial wall, tissue edema, and replacement of the normal ciliated surface lining cells (ciliated columnar epithelial cells) by mucus-secreting goblet cells. These observations may explain the relatively high proportion of marijuana smokers who complain of chronic cough and phlegm. Overproduction of mucus by the increased numbers of mucus-secreting cells in the face of diminished numbers of ciliated cells (cells with hair-like projections) that normally function to transport the mucus toward the mouth by rapid ciliary motion might leave cough as the only mechanism to remove mucus from the airways.
Microscopic findings in biopsies of the bronchial mucosa (superficial layer of cells) revealed that a much higher proportion of MS than NS (and a proportion comparable to, if not greater than, that of IS) exhibited a variety of cellular abnormalities. The latter included abnormal proliferation of cells (reserve cells, goblet cells), transformation of normal ciliated cells into abnormal cells resembling skin (squamous metaplasia), accumulation of inflammatory cells, and abnormalities in the cell nuclei (Fligiel et al. in press; Gong et al. 1987). Some of these changes (e.g., nuclear alterations and squamous metaplasia) have been described as precursors to the subsequent development of lung cancer in tobacco smokers (Auerbach et al. 1961) and thus may be considered to be premalignant. Smokers of both marijuana and tobacco exhibited these microscopic cellular abnormalities to the greatest extent, suggesting an additive injurious effect of marijuana and tobacco on airway tissue. These findings in healthy, largely nonsymptomatic, young marijuana smokers confirm and extend previous bronchoscopic observations of Tennant (1980) in symptomatic U.S. servicemen who smoked cannabis (in the form of hashish) heavily.
Genetic markers of precancer progression
A specific combination of genes (oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes) that are responsible for regulating cell growth must be activated and/ or mutated for lung cells to transform into cancerous cells. Bronchoscopic biopsies from 63 participants in the Los Angeles study (12 MS, 9 MTS, 14 TS, and 28 NS), none of whom used crack cocaine, were examined for alterations in some of the genes known to be involved in the development of lung cancer. Immunohistology was used to detect the overexpression of the protein products of these genes by epithelial cells in the bronchial biopsies (Roth et al. 1996). Protein products for two of the three genes examined were markedly overexpressed in the biopsies from MS compared to NS (and even to a greater extent than in the biopsies from TS), and the effects of marijuana and tobacco were additive. Expression of the third gene, the p53 oncogene, which may play a role in as many as 75 percent of all lung cancers, was found only in a smoker of marijuana plus tobacco, as well as in one of 12 combined smokers of marijuana, cocaine, and tobacco who were also examined. These results indicate genetic evidence of extensive growth dysregulation in these relatively young smokers of marijuana alone and, particularly, in the combined smokers of marijuana and tobacco, implying an important role of marijuana use in progression to lung cancer.

http://www.ukcia.org/research/EffectsOfMarijuanaOnLungAndImmuneDefenses.php

[Tropicana]

Structure and function of alveolar macrophagesAlveolar macrophages are the principal immune-effector (inflammatory) cells in the lung and are primarily responsible for protecting the lung against infectious microorganisms. A saline (salt water) rinse was used in participants in the Los Angeles study at the time of bronchoscopy to harvest cells from the air spaces in the lung (over 90 percent of which are alveolar macrophages). Approximately two and three times as many alveolar macrophages were obtained from the lungs of marijuana or tobacco smokers, respectively, as from nonsmokers, and the effects of smoking both substances were additive (Barbers et al. 1987). These observations indicate that regular marijuana use produces an inflammatory response, i.e., an accumulation of increased numbers of alveolar macrophages, in the lung. Under the electron microscope, alveolar macrophages from marijuana or tobacco smokers showed a striking increase in size and complexity of inclusion bodies in their cytoplasm (probably due to ingestion by these cells of particulate material in the smoke), and macrophages from combined smokers of marijuana and tobacco were nearly completely filled by these inclusions (Bears et al. 1989). It might be expected that the padding of these important cells with large inclusion bodies would interfere with their function.
Various aspects of alveolar macrophage function have been evaluated by contributing researchers in the Los Angeles study. Compared to NS, alveolar macrophages of both MS and IS showed a significantly reduced ability to kill a common fungal organism (Candida albicans) (Sherman et al. 1991). Moreover, alveolar macrophages of MS, but not IS, showed a significant impairment in (1) their ability to ingest and kill an important bacterial pathogen (Staphylococcus aureus); (2) their ability to kill tumor cell targets; and (3) their ability to produce a variety of proinflammatory cytokines, which play a key role in immunologic responses to infection and malignancy (Baldwin et al. 1996).
Role of Marijuana in Cancer
The following lines of evidence suggest that marijuana may play an important role in the development of respiratory cancer.

• The tar phase of marijuana smoke, as already noted, contains many of the same carcinogenic compounds contained in tobacco smoke, induding nitrosamines, reactive aldehydes, and up to a 50 percent higher concentration of carcinogenic polycydic hydrocarbons, induding benz[a]pyrene (Hoffmann et al. 1975). Benz[a]pyrene, which has recently been shown to promote mutations in the p53 oncogene (Denissenko et al. 1996), is believed to play an important role in human cancer.
• One marijuana cigarette was shown by Wu and colleagues (1988) to deposit four times as much tar in the lung as a single filtered tobacco cigarette of approximately the same weight. The higher content of carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons in marijuana tar and the greater deposition of marijuana tar in the lung act together to amplify exposure of the marijuana smoker to the carcinogens in the tar phase.
• Painting tar from marijuana smoke on the skin of mice produced lesions correlated with malignancy (Cottrell et al. 1973).
• Marijuana tar induced comparable numbers of mutations to those produced by tar from the same quantity of tobacco in a common bacterial assay for mutagenicity (Wehner et al. 1980).
• Exposure of hamster lung cell cultures to marijuana or tobacco smoke over a period of 2 years led to accelerated malignant transformation within 3-6 months of marijuana exposure compared to control (unexposed) cell cultures. Moreover, the changes in the cells exposed to marijuana smoke were more impressive than those in the tobacco-exposed cells (Leuchtenberger and Leuchtenberger 1976).
• Biopsies of bronchial lining tissue of habitual marijuana smokers demonstrated extensive cellular alterations, some of which may be considered premalignant. Effects of smoking both marijuana and tobacco on these cellular changes appeared to be additive (Fligiel et al. in press).
• Bronchial immunohistology revealed overexpression of genetic markers of lung tumor progression in smokers of marijuana (Roth et al. 1996).
• Preliminary findings suggest that marijuana smoke activates cytochrome P4501A1, the enzyme that converts polycyclic hydrocarbons, such as benz[a]pyrene, into active carcinogens (Roth preliminary data).
• Alveolar macrophages from marijuana-only smokers have reduced ability to kill tumor cell targets (Baldwin et al. 1996).
• Pretreatment of mice with THC for 2 weeks prior to implanting Lewis lung cancer cells (a non-small-cell immunogenic carcinoma) into the animals caused larger, faster-growing tumors, a finding that was correlated with the increased immunosuppressive cytokine produced by the tumor cells, transforming growth factor-beta (Zhu et al. 1997). These findings suggest a THC-related impairment in immune responsiveness to tumor antigens.
• Several case-series reports indicate an unexpectedly large proportion of marijuana users among cases of lung cancer (Sridhar et al. 1994; Taylor 1988) and upper aerodigestive tract cancers (cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx); (Donald 1991; Endicott et al. 1993; Taylor 1988) that occurred before age 45 years. These case-series reports suggest that marijuana may play a role in the development of human respiratory cancer. Without a control group, however, the effect of marijuana use on cancer risk cannot be estimated, nor can the potentially confounding effect of tobacco and other risk factors be controlled.

Taken together, the observations from a number of biochemical, cellular, genetic, tissue, animal, and clinical studies provide a biologically plausible basis for the hypothesis that marijuana is a risk factor for human cancer. What is lacking is epidemiologic evidence that marijuana indeed increases the risk of developing respiratory cancer. Because of the long period of time (latency period) required for induction of human carcinomas and the infrequent use of marijuana in the general U.S. population prior to 1966, there are currently no published epidemiologic studies that examine the association between marijuana and cancer. However, at the present time, epidemiologic investigation of this association may have become feasible since approximately 30 years have elapsed since the start of widespread marijuana use in the United States among teenagers and young adults, who are currently reaching an age when respiratory cancers are more common.

http://www.ukcia.org/research/EffectsOfMarijuanaOnLungAndImmuneDefenses.php

[Tropicana]

fects of Marijuana on the Immune SystemIn vitro and animal studies
The recent finding of cannabinoid receptors (to which THC binds) on white blood cells (Bouaboula et al.1993) is consistent with observations that THC is capable of influencing immune responses. In vitro and animal studies suggest that THC has a general immunosuppressive effect on a variety of immune cells, induding rnacrophages, natural killer cells, and T cells (Burnette Curley and Cabral 1995; Huber et al. 1975, 1980; Klein et al. 1991; Kusher et al. 1994). Mice exposed to D9THC were unable to develop protective immunity against lung infection by Legionella pneumophilia, an opportunistic pathogen (Newton et al. 1994).
Immune deficits in marijuana smokers
As noted above, alveolar macrophages from the lungs of healthy, habitual marijuana smokers were suppressed in their ability to kill fungaland bacterial organisms, as well as tumor cells. Moreover, the same cells were suppressed in their ability to release proinflarnmatory cytokines. These findings suggest that marijuana is an immunosuppressant with clinically significant effects on host defense, which could have potentially serious health consequences in patients with preexisting immune deficits due to AIDS, organ transplantation (receiving immunosuppressive therapy to prevent rejection of the transplant), or cancer (receiving immunosuppressive chemotherapy). The latter possibility is supported by reports of fungal and bacterial pneumonias in patients with AIDS or organ transplantation who used marijuana (Caiaffa et al. 1994; Denning et al. 1991). Moreover, among HIV-positive individuals, active marijuana use has been found to be a significant risk factor for rapid progression from HIV infection toAIDS and acquisition of opportunistic infections and/or Kaposi's sarcoma (Tindall et al. 1988).

Summary

The evidence for the harmful consequences of marijuana smoking is preliminary and requires long-term study. In the interim, prudent advice must serve where substantial clinical evidence is lacking. Habitual marijuana use, as often as one joint per day, may result in serious pulmonary consequences. In the short term, breathing may be restricted, coughing may be increased, and resistance may be lowered to opportunistic infections of the lungs such as pneumonia. Respiratory cancer is a likely result in the long term. Heavier use of marijuana is likely to have more potent, adverse health consequences.

http://www.ukcia.org/research/EffectsOfMarijuanaOnLungAndImmuneDefenses.php

[Tropicana]

The Medical Effects Of Marijuana On the Brain
New research on marijuana confirms that it damages cognitive functioning.

Pot legalization would spread this disability.

Marijuana is the most widely used illicit drug in the United States and Europe, and tends to be the first illegal drug that teens use. In the United States, it is estimated, conservatively, that more than 5.5 million adults smoke the drug weekly. Although Cannabis sativa, or marijuana, has been in use for at least 4,000 years, it was not until 1964, that Israeli biochemists R. Mechoulam and Y. Gaoni isolated the principal psychoactive ingredient of the marijuana plant: delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol

Delta-9-THC is the substance in the plant that produces the "high," the feeling of intoxication, that users crave.' The marijuana plant contains more than 400 chemical compounds, of which 60 are cannabinoids—psychoactive compounds that can be extracted from the cannabis plant, or produced within the body after ingestion and metabolism of cannabis. Here, we analyze the ramifications of some of the most important scientific discoveries about marijuana and its negative impact on the brain. Marijuana can also cause damage to the lungs and the reproductive system, but that will not be reviewed here. Naturally, the brain is part of, and absolutely dependent on, the functioning of the rest of the organs of the body, for example, for its glucose and oxygen supply. But the brain is in charge of the body; it is the physical substratum of the intelligence, memory, will, and emotion. The human species alone can bring to bear its brain—its intelligence—to change the world around it for better or worse.


Delta-9-THC is found in the resin located mostly in the flowering tops of the plant, with a smaller amount in the leaves, and the least amount in the fibrous stalks. As a result, the psychoactive potency of a cannabis preparation varies enormously, depending on which part of the plant was used to
make it. The most powerful form is from the pure resin removed from the leaves and stems; this is known as hashish. Its concentration of delta-9-THC is about 8 to 14 percent.

Next in potency is ganja, which is very commonly smoked in the United States. (Unless otherwise stated, we are referring here to the smoked cannabis form of administration, except, of course, in animal experiments.) Ganja is made up of dried plant material taken only from the tops of unpollinated female plants. Known as sinsemilla, this version of marijuana has a THC content of from 4 to 8 percent.


In Holland there are varieties of cannabis for sale with delta-9-THC levels averaging 20 percent, which has led to concern
about the high potencies and the resulting psychoactivity. Whether or not the potency levels of other types of cannabis
are leveling off in the late 1990s, or are climbing to the levels of Dutch potencies, or beyond, is still an area of much controversy, and the scientific community as well as police forces in the United States and Europe are tracking the issue.

[Tropicana]

Marijuana Targets the Brain The principal target of delta-9-THC, as with all drugs of
abuse, is the brain, and therefore, researchers concentrated
their efforts into investigating the effects of this plant constituent on the body's most important organ.
Cannabis, like nicotine, is normally inhaled, and therefore
has rapid access to the blood system. The drug and its metabolites are lipophilic (fat soluble), and thus are easily able to pass
through the blood-brain barrier, which controls the passage of
many substances into the brain. Even antibiotics, or drugs for
cancer treatment, do not cross this barrier; yet, cannabis is able
to penetrate the two layers of cells that form the blood-brain
barrier. After metabolism in the lungs and liver, into its metabolites, THC moves rapidly to lipid-rich tissues in the body, including the brain.3
The user's most common reported feelings under the influence of cannabis are a release from stress, a loosening of associations, and euphoria.4
It can be a euphoriant, or an excitant,
and it can change. As investigators have found, marijuana is
dose-dependent, with intoxication most intense for the first
two to three hours. The user's past psychological history, his
experience with marijuana, and the social setting all play a
role in marijuana's influence, in correlation with the drug's
chemical complexity and myriad personality effects.
Because THC and its metabolites are fat soluble, they may
remain in the fatty tissues of the body for a long time. Later
they are released into the bloodstream. There is substantial human variability in the metabolism of cannabis, but it is now proven that individuals who use cannabis daily are more at risk than infrequent users, because of the slow release of THC.
The time necessary to clear half the administered dose of THC
differs for experienced and inexperienced users, with experienced users accumulating more THC in their systems.5
The plant constituent delta-9-THC has been found to produce many characteristic cognitive deficits in both human and
animal subjects. It impairs the brain's functioning, particularly
with regard to chronic use. Numerous investigations have
found that the most pronounced impairments are reduced
short-term memory, locomotion disorders, altered time sense,
paranoia, fragmentation of thought, and lethargy.6
Until 1988, when specific cannabinoid receptors were found
in the brain, the mode of cannabinoid action in the human body
was not at all clear. There was little biochemical or neurological
proof to link these type of behavioral disorders with the actions
of specific mechanisms. Pharmaceuticals that mimic THC's effects, called analogues, were not then available for studying the
the pharmacological kinetics of marijuana. Because of this lack
of conclusive research findings in precisely those areas that establish addiction—that is, the ability of a drug to create dependence and cognitive disorders—marijuana became the subject
of much public controversy. The media and the pot legalization
lobby labelled marijuana a "soft" drug. By distinguishing it from
the opiates—cocaine, alcohol, or the methamphetamines,
which are categorized as "hard," or addictive—the legalization
lobby minimized the risks of cannabis use.

New Discoveries in an Old Field


Starting in 1988, researchers made new discoveries on the
mode of action of marijuana on the biochemical and molecular level. With the help of these findings, marijuana research
is in a new, exploratory phase, and scientists are tracking how
cannabis consumption specifically alters the physical functioning of the hippocampus, cortex, pituitary gland, and basal
ganglia. We caution, however, that most of this research, although extremely useful, assumes a mechanistic view of the
brain's functioning.
Marijuana research goes back to the 19th century. The
prominent French psychiatrist, Jacques-Joseph Moreau, (1804-
1884), is known as the father of modern psychopharmacology.
He was the first medical man to do systematic work with drugs
active in the central nervous system, and to catalogue, analyze, and record his observations. Moreau wrote the book
Hashish and Mental Alienation in 1845, and his work is as applicable today as it was then.
Moreau identified the fact that marijuana's effects on the
brain were both many and subtle, and therefore not always
visible to the naked eye. After observing the acute behavioral
changes hashish caused in some of his mental patients at the
famous Charenton mental hospital in France, he wrote:

Yes, unquestionably there are modifications (I do not dare use the word lesion) in the organ that is in charge of
mental functions, but these modifications are not those
one would generally expect. They will always escape the
investigations of the researchers seeking alleged or
imagined structural changes. One must not look for particular abnormal changes in either the gross anatomical or
defined histological structure of the brain; but one must look for an alteration of its sensibility. That is to say for an irregular, enhanced, diminished, or distorted activity of
the specific mechanism upon which depends the
performance of mental functions [emphasis added].

http://www.21stcenturysciencetech.com/articles/marijuana/Medical_effects.pdf

[Tropicana]

The "distorted" activity which Moreau described, are actions that originate from the effects of marijuana on the central nervous system. The human central nervous system contains
three major structural components:
• The midbrain and brain stem control basic autonomic responses and the elementary movements associated with locomotion, feeding, and copulation.
• The cortex—the mass of "gray matter" at the top of the
mammalian brain, which is substantially larger among primates than other mammals—specializes in complex information processing. In humans, the cortex is the thin uppermost
layer of the cerebrum, which consists of two hemispheres. The
cortex is associated with verbal language, memory, and the
abilities necessary for reading.
• The limbic system, or the third system, consists of structures between the midbrain and cortex, like the amygdala and
the hippocampus. In mammals, it is hypothesized that this system is associated with the emergence of emotion and the development of more complex learning and social behavior.
The human brain weighs three to four pounds and contains
about 100 billion neurons. These polarized nerve cells receive signals on highly branched extensions of their bodies, called dendrites, and send the information along unbranched extensions, called axons.
There are a multitude of complex physical interactions in the
brain. In the conventional view, which is, as noted, mechanistic, communication among neurons is mediated by chemical
transmitters that are released at specialized contacts called
synapses. The chemical transmitters are called neurotransmitters, and they process the chemical messages that enable brain
cells to communicate; the receptors might be thought of as tiny
doors on cell surfaces that allow messengers in.

Lots more here: http://www.21stcenturysciencetech.co...al_effects.pdf

[Tuff Gong]

The Real Marijuana Moms of Beverly Hills

Forgot about this!!!

[Tuff Gong]

Jamaica's ganja tours draw the tourists

Cannabis connoisseurs can enjoy trips to hidden plantations and sample strains of the drug that inspired Bob Marley

• Associated Press in Nine Mile
  
• theguardian.com,
• Monday 9 September 2013 04.05 EDT

'Breezy' shows his illegal patch of budding marijuana plants during a tour of his land. Photograph: David Mcfadden/AP

California's Napa and Sonoma have their wine tours, and travellers flock to Scotland to sample the fine single malt whiskies. But in Jamaica, farmers are offering a different kind of trip for a different type of connoisseur.


Call them ganja tours: smoky, mystical – and technically illegal – journeys to some of the island's hidden cannabis plantations, where pot tourists can sample such strains as "purple kush" and "pineapple skunk".
The tours pass through places such as Nine Mile, the tiny hometown of reggae legend, and famous pot-lover, Bob Marley. Here, in Jamaica's verdant central mountains, dreadlocked men escort curious visitors to a farm where deep-green marijuana plants grow. Similar tours are offered just outside the western resort of Negril, where a marijuana mystique has drawn weed-smoking holidaymakers for decades.


"This one here is the original sinsemilla, Bob Marley's favourite. And this one here is the chocolate skunk. It's special for the ladies," a pot farmer nicknamed "Breezy" told a reporter as he showed off several varieties on his plot one recent morning.

http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/09/jamaica-ganja-tours-draw-tourists

[My Looh]

Jamaica's ganja tours draw the tourists

Cannabis connoisseurs can enjoy trips to hidden plantations and sample strains of the drug that inspired Bob Marley

• Associated Press in Nine Mile
  
• theguardian.com,
• Monday 9 September 2013 04.05 EDT

'Breezy' shows his illegal patch of budding marijuana plants during a tour of his land. Photograph: David Mcfadden/AP

California's Napa and Sonoma have their wine tours, and travellers flock to Scotland to sample the fine single malt whiskies. But in Jamaica, farmers are offering a different kind of trip for a different type of connoisseur.


Call them ganja tours: smoky, mystical – and technically illegal – journeys to some of the island's hidden cannabis plantations, where pot tourists can sample such strains as "purple kush" and "pineapple skunk".
The tours pass through places such as Nine Mile, the tiny hometown of reggae legend, and famous pot-lover, Bob Marley. Here, in Jamaica's verdant central mountains, dreadlocked men escort curious visitors to a farm where deep-green marijuana plants grow. Similar tours are offered just outside the western resort of Negril, where a marijuana mystique has drawn weed-smoking holidaymakers for decades.


"This one here is the original sinsemilla, Bob Marley's favourite. And this one here is the chocolate skunk. It's special for the ladies," a pot farmer nicknamed "Breezy" told a reporter as he showed off several varieties on his plot one recent morning.

http://www.theguardian.com/world/201...-draw-tourists

I am thinking they must blindfold the tourist on the way in and out of their locations.

What is to prevent the police from planting a narc in the flock of tourist?

[Tropicana]

I am thinking they must blindfold the tourist on the way in and out of their locations.

What is to prevent the police from planting a narc in the flock of tourist?

Good idea. I wonder how much narcs get paid.

[My Looh]

Also , one would suspect, said tourist would have to be searched and all cell phones confescated so that GPS could not pick up on a location.

[Tropicana]

Filling in my Narc application form....where do I send it?

[Wahalla]

Smoking any plant material exposes one to break down products of cyclic compounds including derivatives of benzene.. However boiling any green plant material does exactly the same thing...I am not going to argue a point that makes no sense. if u are going to ban smoking weed based on its side effects.. then ban


Tomatoes, Legumes which contains phytohemmagglutinins.....Agglumitinates red blood cell and is extremely toxic....

Chick peas contains Lathyrogens....interferes with neuortransmitters in the brain. leading to madness..

Potatoes contains Alpha solanine and alpha chaconine...

casava, Lima beans, peaches... they contain Cyanogeneic glycosides

Brassica vegtables, Oninions carrot radishes peanuts contain Glucosinolates Goitrogens.. wont kill u but inhibits thyroid activitiey... and are toxic....

Ban cannabis because it has side effects fine then ban all the above because they potentially have...


course u doubt the veracity of this....

u dont beleive that Cannacol is effective because it comes from Kanabis!

[Tropicana]

Wahalla...read man read. I am the one who posted the Jamaican studies that concluded that Cannacol was effective. My comment was that the results were obtained under very strict conditions that no one else has been able to replicated other than the team of 2 researchers. Once the results are replicated by other researchers and consistently obtained, only then can one conclude that it is effective.

[Tuff Gong]

I am thinking they must blindfold the tourist on the way in and out of their locations.

What is to prevent the police from planting a narc in the flock of tourist?

No I am pretty sure it is with a wink and a nod. This has been reported on at least twice over the years and posted on this board.....so it is little kept secret.